Umkhiqizi Wokuphrinta Wezitikha Ezingokwezifiso Kusukela ngo-2005
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Umkhiqizi Wokuphrinta Wezitikha Ezingokwezifiso Kusukela ngo-2005
Ufuna ukuklama amalebula oju ngokwezifiso zomkhiqizo wakho wangasese? Funda ukuthi ungazikhetha kanjani izinto zelebula loju oluhle kakhulu kanye nemiklamo ehambisanayo ukuze uphakamise ukupakishwa kwakho.
Uma ilebula ingahambisani nemithetho yendawo, kungenzeka ukuthi umkhiqizo ngeke ufakwe emakethe noma wenqatshelwe ukungeniswa; uzobhekana nezinhlawulo noma izinhlawulo zokuphatha; ukubizwa kabusha komkhiqizo kanye nezinye izinkinga ezinkulu.
Lesi sihloko sichaza ngezici ezine: izinto ezidingekayo zamalebula asemthethweni, izinto zelebula kanye nokukhethwa kwesimo kanye nenqubo yokwenza ngokwezifiso ejwayelekile. Ukuhlinzeka ngochwepheshe bezinyosi zelebula abazimele ku-
ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ngereferensi ehlelekile yokwenza amalebula ngokwezifiso ehambisanayo, ewusizo futhi enobungani nomkhiqizo.
◪ Indlela Yokudala Ilebula Lakho Loju Olungokwezifiso (Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo)
Okuqukethwe okuphoqelekile emhlabeni wonke kokufaka amalebula
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuliphi izwe, amagama emikhiqizo kumele abonise ngempela uhlobo lomkhiqizo futhi akufanele adukise abathengi.
Ungasebenzisi amagama angavamile okumaketha ngokweqisa njengelithi "uju lwempilo".
Uma kusetshenziswa uju oluhlanzekile noma uju olunembali eyodwa, igama lomkhiqizo kumele libe usayizi wefonti omkhulu kunayo yonke kulebula, futhi ukuqashelwa kunikezwa kuqala.
Okuqukethwe okunetha kumele kumakwe ngokweyunithi yendawo yokulinganisa. EYurophu nase-United States, kusetshenziswa amayunithi amabili e-fl oz kanye ne-g.
Amayunithi okulinganisa asemthethweni amagremu namakhilogremu asetshenziswa eShayina.
Futhi indawo yokumaka itholakala ngokulinganayo endaweni ekhangayo ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla lelebula.
Zonke izithako zangempela kumele zibhalwe ohlwini, okuhlanganisa uju, ama-syrup, izithasiselo, njll.
Izithako kumele zibhalwe ngokulandelana kwesisindo.
Uma kusetshenziswa imikhiqizo yoju noma uphudingi woju, kumele ibhalwe ngamagama azo angempela ezithako.
Izithako zoju olulodwa zemvelo ziphawulwa ngokuthi "uju" kuphela, kanti uju oluhlanganisiwe kumele luphawulwe nazo zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa ngokulandelana. Izithako ezengeziwe ezifihliwe azivunyelwe.
Uju lunezici zomswakama ophansi ngokwemvelo, okuqukethwe ushukela omningi kanye nokuqina okuqinile.
Kungukudla okuhlala isikhathi eside. Uma kuvaliwe futhi kugcinwe kahle, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele izingozi zokuphepha kokudla ngokushesha ngenxa yokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Nakuba kungadingeki ngokomthetho, izinkampani eziningi zisafaka isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi noma usuku olufanele lokuphelelwa yisikhathi emikhiqizweni yazo.
| Isifunda | Ngingayibiza ngokuthi "Sthandwa" nje? | Izidingo zomsuka | Izidingo zesithako | Imithethonqubo ekhethekile |
| I-united states | Uju oluhlanzekile kuphela olungabizwa ngokuthi "Uju" | Ngokuvamile landela izidingo zokulebula imvelaphi (ezisebenza emikhiqizweni engenisiwe) | Uma iqukethe ezinye izithako, zonke izithako kumele zibhalwe ohlwini | Isiraphu engeziwe, njll. ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi "Uju" kuphela ([Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa e-US][1]) |
| iyuniyani yase-Europe | Kumelwe kuhlangatshezwane nencazelo yoju ukuze kubhalwe ukuthi "Uju" | Izwe lokuvuna kumele libhalwe igama; Kunemithetho ekhethekile yoju oluxubile, futhi eminyakeni yamuva nje imithethonqubo iye yaqinisa kakhulu ukulebula komthombo | Uju akumele luthengiswe njengo "Honey" ngemva kokufaka ezinye izithako zokudla | Kusukela ngo-2026, izidingo zokufaka ilebula lomthombo woju oluxubile zizoqiniswa kakhulu. ([EUR-Lex][2]) |
| I-Australia | Kumelwe kube uju lwangempela ukuze ubizwe ngokuthi "uju" | Imithetho ejwayelekile yokulebula ukudla iyasebenza futhi umthombo ungaboniswa | Uma kunezelwa ezinye izithako, izithako kufanele zibizwe futhi zibhalwe ohlwini ngokwesimo sangempela somkhiqizo. | Izindinganiso zokudla ngokuvamile ziyalandelwa futhi akuvunyelwe ukudukisa abathengi ukuthi baphambanise imikhiqizo exubile noju oluhlanzekile. |
Imakethe ye-EU idinga amalebula ukuze kufakwe amakhodi okulandelela impova, amakhodi e-QR okulandelela imvelaphi, kanye nezikhumbuzo ze-allergen;
I I-FDA yase-US ilebula ngokuphoqelekile okuqukethwe ushukela, izimpawu zokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nemboni yezinyosi zasendaweni, kanye namalebula angewona ama-GMO;
Ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yabathengi, kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomthetho zendawo futhi kuncishiswe ingozi yokugwinywa ngengozi, kuzophawulwa izixwayiso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amalebula asho izinzuzo zezempilo zezokwelapha awavunyelwe kuzo zonke izifunda.
Imiphumela yokwelapha yoju ekuthambiseni amaphaphu nasekulungiseni umzimba ayinakweqiswa.
Amaphutha avamile enziwa yimikhiqizo yokuthobela imithetho:
1. Indawo yelogo inkulu kakhulu futhi ithatha isikhala solwazi lwezomthetho. Usayizi wefonti osemthethweni mncane kunesilinganiso sosayizi wefonti esincane esilawulwayo;
2. Inombolo yebhetshi kanye nosuku lokukhiqiza kugxivizwa ngesandla futhi akucaci. Izinkinga ezinjalo zibangelwa amalebula angahambisani nomthetho avimbela ukusakazwa okuvamile kanye nokuthengiswa.
Njengokudla okuwuketshezi okunoshukela omningi, uju ludinga ukuhlanganiswa nezinto ezitsheni, indawo yokugcina, ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, njll.
Khetha izinto zokwakha kanye nezimo ezifanele, ucabangele ukuthungwa okungangeni manzi kanye nokunganamatheli, ukuqina kokunamathela kwesikhathi eside kanye nethoni yomkhiqizo ebonakalayo.
Ifaneleka ezitsheni ezintathu ezivamile: izimbiza zoju zeglasi, izimbiza zoju ezikhishwe ngepulasitiki, kanye nezimbiza zoju ezipakishwe kabusha ngobumba.
Amalebula oju ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: amalebula efilimu namalebula ephepha.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zezinto zokwakha zinomehluko ocacile ekuzivumelaniseni nezimo, ukuqina, kanye namanani, futhi zifanele amazinga ahlukene okubekwa kophawu loju.
Uju luchayeka kalula emvuleni wamanzi ngesikhathi sokugcinwa nokusetshenziswa noma luba manzi ngenxa yokuhlanza ibhodlela.
Amalebula efilimu afana nalawa I-BOPP kanye namalebula e-PET anezakhiwo ezinhle zokungangenwa manzi futhi anesendlalelo somphezulu esingangenwa manzi futhi esingangenwa ushukela.
Ingamelana nokuguguleka kokuchichima koju kanye namanzi ancibilikayo ngaphandle kokumbozwa okwengeziwe.
Imikhiqizo yoju ivame ukungqubuzana ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa, ukugcinwa kanye nokuboniswa eshalofini.
Ziyakwazi ukumelana nokuguguleka kahle futhi zinganciphisa ukuguguleka kwephethini yokuphrinta kanye nombhalo ofiphele.
Lokhu kusiza ukugcina ukubukeka kwephakheji kanye nokufundeka kalula kolwazi.
Amalebula efilimu asekela nemiphumela eyahlukahlukene yokuklama efana nokubonakala, i-matte futhi ukunyathela okushisayo , uma kucatshangelwa ukusebenza kahle kanye nesithombe somkhiqizo.
Akudingeki sikhathazeke ngokuhambisana kwazo nesitsha.
Sidinga kuphela ukukhetha ingcina efanele ngokwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ukuze sithole umphumela ongcono wokunamathela.
Nakuba i-BOPP ne-PET kuyizinto ezivame kakhulu ukulebula ezisetshenziswa ekupakisheni uju, amalebula ephepha asanikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele.
Amalebula ephepha anokwakheka kwawo kwephepha kwemvelo, okunganikeza imikhiqizo yoju ukuthungwa kwemvelo kwangempela.
Amalebula ephepha elinobunono kanye nephepha le-kraft cishe aveza umuzwa wemvelo, owenziwe ngesandla.
Lona umphumela obonakalayo nothintayo ongenakukwazi ukuhlinzekwa ngamalebula efilimu abushelelezi nafanayo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinto zokusetshenziswa zelebula lephepha kanye nezindleko zokucubungula ukuphrinta ziphansi, okunganciphisa ngempumelelo isabelomali sokupakisha samapulazi amancane naphakathi kanye nemikhiqizo emisha.
Kodwa-ke, isisekelo sokuqala sephepha sinamaphutha asobala, njengokungangenwa kwamanzi kahle, ukumelana noshukela, kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka.
Ukuminyana kanye noju oluchichimayo oluvela ethangini kungabangela kalula ukuthi ilebula lishwabane futhi lisuse i-gumm.
Ngemikhiqizo yoju edinga ukugcinwa isikhathi eside noma ukuthuthwa ibanga elide, amalebula ephepha ngokuvamile awaqini njenge-PET noma i-BOPP.
Isixazululo esivamile sokuthuthukisa embonini ukwelashwa kokumboza ubuso. Amalebula ephepha ambozwe angathuthukisa kakhulu izakhiwo ezingangeni manzi nezinamathelayo.
Lokhu kwelashwa kungacabangela ukuthungwa kwephepha kwemvelo kanye nokuqina okuyisisekelo okuvikela umswakama.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezimo Zelebula Ezivumelaniswe Nezimbiza Zoju
Indawo yokubeka enemisebenzi eminingi neyanele. Ingahlanganisa ngokugcwele ulwazi lokuhambisana nomthetho kanye nomklamo womkhiqizo, ifanele izimbiza zoju zeglasi eziqondile.
Sika ukuze uvumelane nokugoba komzimba wethini, okwenza libe lihle kakhulu. Izinhlobo ze-Niche ziyaziwa kakhulu futhi izindleko zokusika ngokwezifiso ziphakeme kancane.
Uma isetshenziswa kanye nelebula eliyinhloko ebhodleleni, isetshenziselwa ukumaka amaqoqo, ukuvimbela ukwenziwa komgunyathi nokulandelela imithombo, futhi isize ekuqiniseni ubunye bomkhiqizo.
Isinyathelo 1: Nquma imakethe yokusatshalaliswa kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokuthobela imithetho ngaphambi kokulandela imithetho (isinyathelo sokuqala esiyinhloko)
Okokuqala, thola izwe, ipulatifomu eku-inthanethi, kanye nesiteshi esingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi lapho umkhiqizo uthengiswa khona, bese uthola imithetho yakamuva yokulebula umkhiqizo wezinyosi esifundeni esifanele.
Qedela umbhalo, ilogo, ikhodi yokulandelela, kanye nophawu lwesitifiketi okumele luphawulwe.
Khiya usayizi wombhalo kanye nezidingo zokusetha ukuthayipha kusengaphambili, beka phambili uhlaka lokuthobela imithetho, futhi uvimbele izinguquko zomklamo ezilandelayo ukuze ugweme ukubuyekezwa kanye nokusebenza kabusha kusuka emthonjeni.
Isinyathelo 2: Linganisa usayizi wethangi ngokunembile bese uqedela amapharamitha okwakheka kwelebula
Ububanzi, ukuphakama, kanye nokugoba komzimba webhodwe loju empeleni kwalinganiswa, futhi izixazululo zokunamathisela ezinamathelayo nezinamathelayo zahlukaniswa.
Shiya isikhala esingu-2-3mm somphetho wokuvala ukuze uvimbele ilebula ekugobeni.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umbala wangemuva welebula unqunywa ngokusekelwe ekudlulisweni kokukhanya kwethangi.
Kunconywa ukuthi izimbiza zoju ezinombala omnyama zibe namalebula anombala okhanyayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukufundeka kombhalo; izimbiza zoju ezinombala okhanyayo zingashintshwa zibe amalebula omkhiqizo anombala omnyama ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugqama kokubonakala.
Isinyathelo 3: Umklamo ophelele wokwakheka okubonakalayo ohlanganiswe nokubekwa komkhiqizo
Uhlobo lokuqala lwemvelo yepulazi: lugxile ezimbalini ezipendwe ngesandla, ezindlini zezinyosi, kanye nezinto zokwalusa. Uhlelo lombala luvame ukuba mhlophe, luhlaza okotshani, kanye nemibala yakudala ensundu.
Uhlobo lwesitolo esikhulu sezitolo esikhanyayo sase-Urban: imigqa emincane, imibala ye-Morandi engagcwele kakhulu, kanye nokuhlelwa kwesithombe nombhalo okuhlelekile.
Isinyathelo 4: Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo + ukuqinisekiswa kokuhlolwa kwendawo
Ngemva kokuqeda inguqulo ye-elekthronikhi yomklamo owuhlaka, ngeke siwuphrinte ngokuqondile ngamaqoqo, kodwa sizowenza amasampula ezinto ezibonakalayo ahambisanayo njengoba kudingeka.
Yenza izilinganiso zangempela zombala wamanzi, ukugcwala kukashukela, kanye nokunamathisela okufrijiwe okunokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi.
Hlola ukuthi azifiphali yini, azigobile, futhi azinamatheli.
Hlola zonke izinhlamvu, izinombolo, amakhodi okuqala, kanye nezinombolo zokufaneleka ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini amaphutha okubhala.
Isinyathelo 5: Qedela umbala, ukuphrinta kweqoqo kanye nokugcina impahla
Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kulungile, amanani ombala wokuphrinta azohlanganiswa ukuze afane nohlelo lombala womkhiqizo.
Ukucubungula i-laminating, hot stamping, embossing, kanye ne-anti-counter-counteract kuyatholakala uma kudingeka;
Amalebula aqediwe ngeqoqo apakishwa emiqulwini nasemashidini.
Amalebula okugoqa afanele imishini yokulebula ezenzakalelayo futhi afanele izimboni zokukhiqiza ngobuningi; amalebula amaphepha afaneleka ukulebula amathini ngesandla emapulazini amancane.
Isinyathelo 6: Lungiselela ukujwayela ukulebula futhi uthuthukise i-closed loop yokupakishwa
Ngemva kokufaka ilebula leqembu, hlola ubuhle obuphelele, lungisa indawo yokufaka ilebula, uhlanganise umlomo webhodlela futhi ungabeka ilebula amazinga okuqondanisa, bese uqedela ukuqedela lonke isethi yokupakisha uju lwelebula yangasese.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udinga amalebula ezimonyo, amalebula ewayini, amalebula okudla, noma izitika zokunamathisela ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ochwepheshe bethu bangancoma izinto ezinhle kakhulu ngokusekelwe kumkhiqizo wakho, uhlelo lokusebenza, kanye nesabelomali.
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